徽州胡氏宗祠木雕门窗的装饰图案与审美意蕴

Decorative Pattern and Aesthetic Implication of Woodcarving Doors and Windows in Huizhou Clan Temple of Hu Family

徽州龙川胡氏宗族历史悠久,人才辈出,其中的木雕门窗艺术举国闻名,被誉为“徽州木雕艺术的宝库”。从宗祠内部的木雕门窗出发,分析探讨胡氏宗祠木雕门窗的装饰题材、文化内涵和艺术表现,从而充分发掘出胡氏宗祠木雕的文化内涵和美学价值,并重点剖析胡氏宗祠正厅隔扇门裙板上的木雕荷花图、百鹿图,以及寝楼处隔扇门裙板上的百花百瓶图。通过这些装饰题材,揭示了木雕门窗隔扇环列、和而不同,以及成套成系的装饰表现手法、蕴涵寓意型的艺术风格和儒家“中和”思想的文化内涵。

Huizhou Longchuan Hu's clan has a long history.Men of talent come out in succession.The art of woodcarving doors and windows is known throughout the country,and is honored as"the treasure house of Huizhou woodcarving art".Starting from the woodcarving doors and windows inside the Clan Temple of Hu Family,this paper analyzes and discusses its decorative theme,cultural connotation and artistic expression so as to fully explore its cultural connotation and aesthetic value of the woodcarving.It focuses on the woodcarving drawings"Lotus"and"Deer"on the board of the partition door apron in the main hall,and the drawing"Flowers and Bottles"on the board of the partition door apron in the bedroom.These decorative themes reveal that the partition boards of the woodcarving doors and windows take the form of ring columns.They are different but in harmony with each other and the decorative techniques of a set of lines contain the implied artistic style and the cultural connotation of the thought of"Neutralization"in"Confucianism".