河套灌区主要农作物灌溉现状及节水潜力分析——以内蒙古杭锦后旗为例

Analysis of agricultural irrigation status and water saving potential in Hetao Irrigation Area——A case study in Hanggin Rear Banner in Inner Mongolia

【目的】揭示河套灌区主要农作物灌溉现状及节水潜力,并提出优化建议。【方法】利用杭锦后旗310户农户调研数据和文献资料,分析研究灌溉情况。【结果】该地区小麦、玉米和向日葵灌水次数多且灌溉定额高,作物平均灌溉水生产力仅1.43 kg/m^3。采用节水种植技术结合科学秋浇,三大作物每年可节水2.00亿~3.15亿m^3。【结论】河套灌区农户灌溉行为粗放,水资源利用效率低,存在较大节水空间,可从引黄畦灌与高效节水相结合的角度进行优化灌溉。

【Objective】To reveal the current situation and water-saving potential of main crops irrigation in Hetao Irrigated Area and put forward optimization suggestions.【Methods】The irrigation situation was analyzed by using the survey data and literature data of 310 households in Hanggin Rear Banner.【Results】In this region,wheat,corn and sunflower were irrigated for many times with high irrigation quota,and the average crop irrigation water productivity was only 1.43 kg/m3.By adopting water-saving planting technology and scientific irrigated in Autumn,the three main crops could save 200 million-315 million m3 water per year.【Conclusion】Since the irrigation behavior and low water resource utilization efficiency in Hetao irrigated area,large water-saving space can be ture by combining the border irrigation and high efficient water-saving irrigation.