基于线粒体Cytb基因序列的内蒙古居延海大鳍鼓鳔鳅群体遗传结构分析

Analysis of population genetic structure of Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera based on mitochondrial Cytb gene sequences in the Juyan Lake of Inner Mongolia

【目的】进一步了解内蒙古居延海大鳍鼓鳔鳅(Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera)群体遗传背景和分化情况,合理保护与开发利用渔业资源。【方法】以线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因序列为主,对分布于内蒙古居延海的52个大鳍鼓鳔鳅野生群体的主基因序列进行比对,分析它们的序列特征,并进行遗传多样性及遗传分化分析。【结果】经PCR扩增得到大鳍鼓鳔鳅野生群体的Cytb基因序列,全长1 097 bp,共检测到10种单倍型,16个多态位点,仅占分析总位点数的1.5%。种内单倍型多样性指数平均值为0.716,核苷酸多样性平均值为0.002 7。系统进化树分析显示,52个样品中的D37、D43遗传距离较远,单独形成1个分支,其余50个标本的Cytb基因为主流进化分支,单独形成另1个分支,表明不同样品Cytb基因正在逐步进化。【结论】对内蒙古居延海52个大鳍鼓鳔鳅样品进行遗传多样性及遗传分化分析,有利于丰富内蒙古淡水鱼类种质资源。

【Objective】To further understand the genetic background and differentiation of the population of Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera in Juyan Lake,Inner Mongolia,and reasonably protect and exploit fishery resources.【Methods】As a fucos of the mitochondrial cytochrome b(Cytb)gene sequence-the main gene sequences of 52 wild populations of Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera samples in the Juyan Lake of Inner Mongolia were compared,their sequence characteristics,genetic diversity and divergence were analyzed.【Results】The Cytb gene sequences of Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera wild populations were obtained by PCR amplification,with the total length of 1097 bp.A total of 10 haplotypes were detected and 16 polymorphic loci accounting for 1.5%of the analyzed sites were found.The average haplotype diversity was 0.716,and the average nucleotide diversity was 0.0027.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that D37 and D43 in 52 samples had a long genetic distance and formed a single branch.The Cytb gene of the remaining 50 specimens was the mainstream evolutionary branch and formed another branch separately,indicating that Cytb genes in different samples are gradually evolving.【Conclusion】Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of 52 Hedinichthys yarkandensis macroptera in Juyan Lake of Inner Mongolia is conducive to enriching the germplasm resources of freshwater fish in Inner Mongolia.