公共危机中的舆论传播与舆情治理

Opinion communication and management in public crises

根据布迪厄的场域分析范式,信息时代舆论场域中的政府、媒体和民众,拥有的“资本”与秉持的“惯习”会随着公共危机的发生而改变。具体而言,政府通常会利用扩张性手段追求更为稳定的社会舆论,传统媒体与新媒体则由于利益分野呈现出不同的信息生产意愿。而民众作为自身主体性不断觉醒的舆论受众,在危机期间活跃的社会交往与悲观的思维方式,则在客观上增加了社会舆论的不可控性。政府充分尊重公共危机舆论场域的逻辑规则,在信息生产、传播和互动等各个层面尊重民众的情绪与诉求,从更广、更深的角度介入当代社交媒体活动中,才能够更好地参与和改善社会舆论。

According to Bourdieu s field analysis paradigm,in the information age,“capital”and“habits”owned by the government,media and people in the field of public opinion will change with the occurrence of public crises.Specifically,the government usually uses expansionary means to pursue more stable public opinion,while traditional media and new media show different willingness of information production due to the separation of interests.However,as the subjectivity of the audience of public opinion is gradually awakening,the active social communication and pessimistic thinking mode during the crises objectively increase the uncontrollability of social public opinion.Only when the government fully respects the logic rules of the public opinion field of public crises,respects people s emotions and demands at all levels of information production,communication and interaction,and intervenes in contemporary social media activities from a broader and deeper perspective,can it better participate in and improve social public opinion.