定量调研方法在城市公园景观优化中的应用 ——以福州左海公园为例

Application of Quantitative Survey Method in Landscape Optimization of Urban Parks——A Case of Fuzhou Zuohai Park

在景观规划与设计前期引入定量调研方法对规划设计方案具有重要的科学指导作用。以福州左海公园为研究对象,利用样方法、环刀法等方式调查公园植物群落、土质、水质等各项生态因子的量化数据。收集并分析调研结果显示:植物群落配置有不合理之处;水体局部呈现富营养化;土壤物理性质不够理想,影响植物生长;空气质量总体上良好,仅偶尔会波动到中度污染;风速等级低,风力舒适;动物栖息地遭到严重破坏或人为干扰导致栖存的动物品类少。建议通过改植或移除部分植物以改善其群落结构,引进松土生物或调整土壤配比以改善土质,增加具备颗粒物吸附能力的植物,降低林地郁闭度,构建契合动物的栖息地环境等温和的策略,从而达到公园的生态优化提升。

The introduction of quantitative survey methods in the early stages of landscape planning and design has important scientific guidance for planning and design schemes.Taking Fuzhou Zuohai Park as the research object,the quantitative data of various ecological factors such as the plant community,soil quality,and water quality of the park were investigated using the“sample method”and the“ring knife”method.Collect and analyze the survey results:the plant community configuration is unreasonable;the water body is partially eutrophic;the soil physical properties are not ideal,affecting plant growth;the air quality is generally good,and only occasionally fluctuates to moderate pollution;wind speed level is low,comfortable wind;animal species are severely damaged by human habitation or human disturbance.It is suggested to improve the community structure by replanting or removing some plants,introduce loose soil organisms or adjust the soil ratio to improve soil quality,increase plants with particulate matter adsorption capacity,reduce woodland canopy,and build a habitat environment suitable for animals,etc.Moderate strategies to achieve the ecological optimization of the park.