论个人破产免责制度滥用的防范

On the Prevention of Abusing Personal Bankruptcy Exemption System

个人破产制度在实现债权人的利益、债务人的“重生”以及促进社会的和谐与稳定等方面发挥着重要作用,但债务人往往滥用这一制度实施破产欺诈等行为。个人破产制度的滥用集中体现在对破产免责制度的滥用上。参照域外国家对滥用破产免责制度行为的具体规则,我国立法应采用许可免责主义,并确立有限免责制度、破产免责否决权、破产撤销权以及破产失权复权制度,从而对滥用破产免责制度的行为进行有效的防范。

The system of personal bankruptcy plays an important role in realizing the interest of creditors and the rebirth of debtors and promoting social harmony and stability.But debtors often abuse the system by committing acts such as bankruptcy fraud.The abuse of personal bankruptcy system is mainly embodied in the abuse of bankruptcy exemption system.Referring to the specific regulations of other countries on the abuse of bankruptcy exemption system,our country legislation should adopt licensing exemption doctrine,and establish the system of limited bankruptcy exemption,the vetoes of bankruptcy exemption,the right of bankruptcy rescission and the system of losing right and regaining right for bankruptcy,thus to effectively prevent the abuse of bankruptcy exemption system.