准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷砾岩大油区超压成因及其油气成藏效应

Overpressure origin and its effects on petroleum accumulation in the conglomerate oil province in Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China

基于测井曲线组合、加载-卸载曲线、声波速度-密度交会图、孔隙度对比等资料综合分析,对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系/三叠系砾岩大油区超压成因及其油气成藏效应开展研究。结果表明,研究区存在线性两段式与指数式两种正常压实模式,下三叠统百口泉组以及二叠系上、下乌尔禾组等源上砾岩大油区储集层中发育的超压主要为压力传导成因,超压源为主力烃源岩二叠系风城组生烃膨胀形成的超压。烃源岩生成的油气在生烃增压驱动下沿断裂等通道运移进入储集层聚集,从而形成二叠系/三叠系超压油气藏。超压的形成与分布主要受烃源岩成熟度以及印支期—喜马拉雅期通源走滑断裂控制。由于超压是玛湖大油区油气运移的主要动力,因此该区源上油气藏的形成与分布与超压发育密切相关。

The origin of overpressure and its effect on petroleum accumulation in the large Permian/Triassic conglomerate oil province in the Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin have been investigated based on comprehensive analysis of log curve combinations,loading-unloading curves,acoustic velocity-density cross-plot,and porosity comparison data.The study results show that there are two kinds of normal compaction models in the study area,namely,two-stage linear model and exponent model;overpressure in the large conglomerate reservoirs including Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation and Permian Upper and Lower Wu’erhe Formations is the result of pressure transfer,and the source of overpressure is the overpressure caused by hydrocarbon generation expansion of Permian Fengcheng Formation major source rock.The petroleum generated by the source rock migrated through faults under the driving of hydrocarbon generation overpressure into the reservoirs to accumulate,forming the Permian and Triassic overpressure oil and gas pools.The occurrence and distribution of overpressure are controlled by the source rock maturity and strike-slip faults connecting the source rock and conglomerate reservoirs formed from Indosinian Movement to Himalayan Movement.As overpressure is the driving force for petroleum migration in the large Mahu oil province,the formation and distribution of petroleum reservoirs above the source rock in this area may have a close relationship with the occurrence of overpressure.