北魏平城明堂复原设计研究

Restoration Design of Mingtang in Pingcheng,Northern Wei Dynasty

北魏平城明堂建筑是北魏帝王祭祀活动的重要场所,用作朝会诸侯、发布政令、秋季大享祭天,并配祀祖宗。南北朝时期,我国少数民族政权吸收中原文化,并与本民族文化相交融,形成了较为独特的礼制建筑营造体系。该文根据北魏平城明堂遗址发掘情况、相关历史文献资料及大同地区现存同时期墓葬、石窟所载的历史建筑信息,以复原设计的方式对北魏平城明堂建筑进行空间形态的研究,探寻该时期我国礼制建筑的形制和特点。

The Mingtang in Pingcheng,Northern Wei Dynasty,was a place where emperors hold morning conferences,issued political orders and celebrations as well as sacrificial ceremonies.During the Southern and Northern Dynasties,some minority powers absorbed the central plain culture.Such cross-fertilisation cultures promoted the formation of a special ritual architecture system.Based on the existing sites and relics of Mingtang,relevant historical documents,existing tombs of Northern Wei Dynasty in the district of Datong,and historical architecture information engraved on grottoes,we discuss the spatial form of Mingtang building in Northern Wei Dynasty by means of restoration design,aiming at probing into the structure and characteristics of ritual architecture of Northern Wei Dynasty.