超越缺失模型:新媒体语境下环境传播模型的嬗变与反思

Beyond Deficit Model:the Evolution and Reflection of Environmental Communication Model in the Context of New Media

国际环境传播主流模型的嬗变体现了不同时代背景下生态环境话语框架之间的关系以及环境传播研究与实践的变化。以专家意见和媒体知识普及为主的"缺失模型"曾经在较长时期里成为环境传播的主流模型,近年来却受到大量实证研究的挑战。为了弥补"缺失模型"的不足,新的"情境模型"强调环境传播复杂的影响因素,"公众参与模型"则鼓励公众参与建设性对话与决策。在新媒体时代的环境传播研究与实践中,需要依据我国的社会文化背景和具体的情境,深入反思及调整传播模型,扩展和深入对"情境模型"和"公众参与模型"的解读与应用,从而发展更有效的环境传播实践,以应对环境传播在全球化时代面临的重大挑战。

The evolution of the mainstream model of international environmental communication reflects the relationship between the discourse framework of Eco-environment and the change of environmental communication research and practice in different times.The"Deficit Model"based on expert opinion and media knowledge popularization has become the mainstream model of environmental communication for a long time,but it has been challenged by a large number of empirical studies in recent years.In order to make up for the deficiency of the"Deficit Model",the new"Situation Model"emphasizes the complex influencing factors of environmental communication,while the"Public Participation Model"encourages the public to participate in constructive dialogue and decision-making.The research and practice of environmental communication in the new media era make it necessary to deeply reflect and adjust the communication model according to China's social and cultural background and specific situation,and to expand and deepen the interpretation and application of"Situation Model"and"Public Participation Model",so as to make more effective environmental communication and deal with the great challenge caused by globaliza⁃tion.