安徽省非物质文化遗产旅游资源的空间格局及开发模式研究

Research on the spatial pattern and development mode of intangible cultural heritage tourism resources in Anhui province

采用最邻近点指数、核密度估计、空间自相关指数等方法分析安徽省非物质文化遗产旅游资源的结构类型与空间格局。研究结果表明:安徽省国家级非物质文化遗产中,传统技艺、传统戏剧、传统音乐、传统美术占主体地位,而曲艺、传统体育游艺与杂技、传统医药所占比例较小;省级非物质文化遗产中,传统技艺、民俗、传统舞蹈占主体地位,而传统体育、游艺与杂技以及传统医药所占比例较小。安徽省非物质文化遗产的地区分布,不论是在数量还是在密度上,呈现为皖南地区>皖北地区>皖中地区,具体而言,国家级非物质文化遗产空间分布的特点是呈现极核式分布特征,黄山市最多,省级非物质文化遗产整体呈现为南多北少,且形成了一核、一带、一片区的空间格局。安徽省非物质文化遗产旅游资源在地理空间上呈集聚状态,且不同类型呈多核和组团分布格局,地区差异明显,地域性强。据此,安徽省非物质文化遗产旅游资源开发模式应该采取“核心+带状+片区”分区分类模式以及“政府+企业+传承人+社区居民”利益相关者共同开发模式。

The nearest neighbor index,kernel density estimation,and spatial autocorrelation index were used to analyze the structural type and spatial pattern of intangible cultural heritage tourism resources in Anhui province.The research results show that:among the national intangible cultural heritage of Anhui province,traditional skills,traditional operas,traditional music and traditional arts occupy the dominant position,while quyi,traditional sports and entertainment,acrobatics and traditional medicine account for a small proportion.The traditional distribution of intangible cultural heritage in Anhui province,no matter in quantity or density,is presented as in southern Anhui region>in northern Anhui region>central Anhui region.Specifically,the spatial distribution of national intangible cultural heritage is characterized by polar core distribution,and Huangshan city has the most intangible cultural heritage,while the provincial intangible cultural heritage is more south than north,and formed a spatial pattern of one core,one belt and one area.The tourism resources of intangible cultural heritage in Anhui province are clustered in geographical space,and the different types are multi-core and grouped,with obvious regional differences and strong regional characteristics.Therefore,the development model of Anhui province’s intangible cultural heritage tourism resources should adopt the subcategory model of“core+strip+area”and the joint development model of“government+enterprises+inheritors+community residents”.