居家学习模式下,中小学生家庭教育支持状况及影响分析--基于全国五省六市(区)37315名家长的调查

A Survey Study of Family Education Supporting Conditions for Primary and Secondary School Students in the Mode of Stay-at-Home Learning

为了解因"新冠肺炎"疫情导致的延期开学期间,家庭教育对中小学生居家学习的支持和影响情况,发现问题和不足并提供对策建议,研究通过对全国五省六市37315名中小学生家长的问卷调查,发现家长对孩子居家学习这个特殊阶段的教育期望比较多元,较偏重孩子自主学习习惯的养成和学科知识的巩固提升;各学段家长不同程度地扮演着孩子居家学习环境的创造者、学习内容的设计者、学习行为的监督者和学习效果的评价者等角色;有父母陪伴的孩子学习情况要显著好于隔代陪伴和无人陪伴的孩子,家庭支持性学习环境与学生学习情况呈显著的正相关关系,不同的家庭支持方式对学生学情存在显著影响。建议营造良好学习环境,切实履行育人职责;加强家校沟通协作,发挥家校共育合力;完善家庭教育支持体系,提升家庭教育水平。

During the outbreak of COVID-19,schools had to postpone starting their new terms,and primary and secondary school students had also to study at home.What are the supporting factors for and influences on family education?And what are the problems with and disadvantages of family education?To solve the above problems and offer corresponding strategies and suggestions,the present study has surveyed 37315 parents from six cities of five provinces across the country by questionnaire,revealing that parents have diverse expectations for their children’s learning at home and pay more attention to formation of their autonomous learning and consolidation and improvement in disciplinary knowledge,that parents at the different stages of learning play the roles of builders of learning environment,designers of learning contents,supervisors of learning behaviors,and evaluators of learning outcomes,that children accompanied by their parents can learn better than those accompanied by their grandparents or no one,that family supporting learning environment and students’learning results have a significantly positive correlation,and that different styles of family support have significant influence on students’learning.This author proposes that parents should create fine learning atmospheres and actually take responsibility for education,that cooperation and communication between family and school should be strengthened to the joint ability of co-education,and that the supporting system for family education should be perfected to improve the level of family education.