晚清学者的庾信骈文观探析

On the Researches of Yu Xin’s Parallel Poetry by Scholars in Late Qing Dynasty

自六朝至隋唐,学界对庾信骈文关注颇多,降及清世,此风长盛不衰。晚清学者延续了明末及清中期以来推重庾信骈文的批评传统,进一步将焦点集中于其骈体艺术技巧、重情重气、骈体议论、骈散兼用、骈文地位等方面,并对相关问题加以深层次挖掘与阐释,提出了许多准确精当的观点,反映出对庾信骈文文体的周密思考与深刻体悟。在骈散正统之争的氛围中,由清初的骈散对峙转向清后期的骈散融合,晚清不少学者主张沟通骈散,提倡骈散二体相杂并用。其间,诸多学者多标举庾信骈文,并将其作为尊崇六朝文的依据。不可否认,贬抑、否定庾信骈文或六朝骈文的论调亦不少见。

From the six Dynasties to Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty,the academic circle paid much attention to Yu Xin’s parallel poetry.This trend even lasted to Qing Dynasty.The scholars in late Qing Dynasty continued with the critical tradition of stressing on Yu Xin’s parallel poetry from late Ming Dynasty and middle Qing Dynasty,and further focused on its artistic technique,emotional expression,parallel argument,juxtaposition of parallel poetry and prose,position of parallel poetry and so on.They had probed and interpreted the issues concerned to a deeper level and put forward many precise points of view,reflecting their thorough thinking and profound understanding to the style of Yu Xin’s parallel poetry.Under the argumentation of authentic parallel poetry or prose,the opposition of poetry and prose in early Qing Dynasty was gradually turned to the combination of poetry and prose in late Qing Dynasty,when many scholars asserted to combine parallel poetry and prose,and recommended to use them together.Meanwhile,many scholars encouraged to use Yu Xin’s parallel poetry,and took it as the basis of respecting the writings of the six Dynasties.It is undoubted that there were still many criticisms on depreciation and denial of Yu Xin’s parallel poetry and even of the parallel poetry of the six Dynasties.