大数据时代个人信息利用的法律规制

On the legal countermeasures of personal information usage in big data age

个人信息成为大数据时代重要的社会资源,信息主体权利保护与信息产业发展、利用之间冲突加剧,传统个人信息保护理论中的信息控制权、特定目的使用等因技术不断突破而空洞化,如何保障个人信息合法、有序、合理的利用成为大数据产业发展中的重要难题。个人信息利用制度的完善,一方面须构建个人信息利用机制,如“脱敏+禁溯源”机制、“数据可携”机制、“被遗忘”机制、“个人信息隐私风险评估”与“使用者责任”相结合机制;另一方面必须在《民法典》基础上实现个人信息权利的体系化以及个人信息利用公法与私法的体系化协调。

Personal information has become an important social resource in the era of big data.However,conflicts between the rights protection and information utilization and development in this industry are intensifying.Traditional rules and laws about personal information protection,such as information control and information utilization for specific purposes,are becoming hollowing-out due to the breakthrough in technology.Therefore,it is an important thing during the development of big data industry that how to ensure the personal information be used legally,orderly and rationally.To improve the system of personal information utilization,on the one hand,it is necessary to construct the personal information utilization mechanism,such as desensitization and traceability prohibition,data portability,forgotten mechanism,and risk assessment of personal information privacy combined with user’s responsibility.On the other hand,on the basis of the Civil Code,the systematization of the right to personal information and the systematic coordination of the use of public and private law for the personal information must be realized.