对网络虚拟财产权定性为物权的反思

Reflection on the Qualification of Network Virtual Property Rights as Real Rights

明确网络虚拟财产权的法律性质是加强和完善数据、网络虚拟财产立法,确立网络虚拟财产保护制度的基础和前提。脱离数据与网络虚拟财产的关系研究网络虚拟财产的基本内涵不利于在法律框架内探寻网络虚拟财产的本原。网络虚拟财产权至少同时具有物权、债权和知识产权三种法定典型民事权利的特征,且不宜定性为物权。网络虚拟财产自身具有不同于物的固有属性。网络虚拟财产权不具有物权的基本特征,不符合诸多物权法基本原理与基本制度。《民法总则》第一百二十七条在立法中的宣示性保留是科学合理的。鉴于物权说存在明显困境,网络虚拟财产权性质只能从债权说、独立权利说考量。

To clarify the legal nature of network virtual property rights is to strengthen and improve data and network virtual property legislation, and establish the basis and premise of a network virtual property protection system. Studying the basic connotation of network virtual property out of the relationship between data and network virtual property is not conducive to exploring the origin of network virtual property within the legal framework. Network virtual property rights have at least the characteristics of three legally typical civil rights at the same time as Real Rights, Creditor ’s Rights and Intellectual Property Rights, and should not be characterized as Real Rights. Network virtual property itself has inherent properties different from things. Network virtual property rights does not have the basic characteristics of Real Rights, and does not meet the basic principles and basic systems of many Real Right laws. The declarative reservation of Article 127 of The General Principles of Civil Law in the legislation is scientific and reasonable. In view of the obvious dilemma of the Theory of Real Rights, the nature of network virtual property rights can only be considered from the Theory of Creditor ’s Rights and Independent Rights.