论杜甫长安时期四时诗创作

On Du Fu’s Creation of Four Seasons Poems in Chang’an Period

据浦起龙《读杜心解》,杜甫在长安13年,现存163首四时诗。其四时诗创作上承《诗经》传统,同时又有自己的特色:四季描写比例失衡、移情于日常景物、浸润浓厚的长安文化,从杜甫的四时诗创作可以观中国古典四时诗之流变。以安史之乱为界,杜甫四时诗创作的差异则体现在春景诗的情感表达、创作动机、抒情容量三个层面。从杜甫在长安不同时期所作四时诗可以窥探杜甫个人追求的变化和"安史之乱"给社会造成的影响,从而勾勒诗人行迹与国家兴衰。

According to the Explanation of Reading Du Fu’s Poems with Heart written by Pu Qilong,Du Fu has been in Chang’an for 13 years and there are 163 four seasons poems now.The creation of his four seasons poems inherits the tradition of the Book of Songs and has its own characteristics at the same time:the proportion of the four seasons is unbalanced,empathy for the daily scenery,and the strong culture of Chang’an is infiltrated.From Du Fu’s four seasons poems,we can observe the evolution of Chinese classical four seasons poems.Taking the An-shi Rebellion as the boundary,the difference of Du Fu’s four seasons poems is reflected in the following three aspects:the emotional expression of spring poetry,creative motivation and lyrical capacity.From the four seasons poems written by Du Fu in different periods of Chang’an,we can see the changes in Du Fu’s personal pursuit and the impact of the An-shi Rebellion to the society,so as to outline the poet’s behavior trace and the rise and fall of the country.