“滇王玉衣”名称及相关问题驳正

Renaming the Jade Burial Suit of the Dian King and Related Issues

云南省博物馆藏一组玉片,出土于云南晋宁石寨山滇王大墓,名之“滇王玉衣”。揆诸史料,无论是从数目、工艺、面积还是出土状况来看,其与汉代敛葬玉衣都存在显著差异,然与文献中记载的“鳞施”高度相似。本文对石寨山6号墓出土玉片的产地及定名等问题展开讨论,认为其为滇国本土所制,且坯片部分宜称“鳞施”而非“玉衣”。“鳞施”的出现,是彼时厚葬之风与贵玉观念在滇地盛行的体现,亦是古代云南边疆与中原政治联系、文化交流的重要物证。

An assemblage of jade pieces,unearthed from the tomb of the Dian King at Shizhaishan in Jinning,Yunnan Province,was collected by the Yunnan Provincial Museum and titled the‘Jade Burial Suit of the Dian King’.Studying the records in ancient documents,it is quite different from the jade burial suit of the Han Dynasty.The number and techniques of these jade pieces do not accord with these documents and the covering place inside the tomb was different.However,it did match the description of a Linshi(simple jade covering)described in ancient documents.This paper started from this point to focus on a systematic discussion about how to name the jade pieces found in Tomb 6 at Shizhashan.We argued that these jade pieces,supposedly made locally in the Dian State,should be named Linshi rather than‘jade suit’.Linshi,regarded as a simple and initiative jade suit,was the manifestation of an elaborate funeral and the concept of using jade with a symbolic meaning was commonplace at that time in the Dian region.It also provides material evidence of political connections and cultural exchanges between ancient Yunnan and the Central Plain.