当代西方非选举型政治代表探析

An Analysis of Contemporary Western Non-Elected Political Representative

由于缺少正式的选举程序,20世纪70年代兴起的非选举型政治代表曾被视为非民主政治代表,但这一观点遭到了强有力的驳斥:强调政治代表是否民主不能仅仅以代表产生的程序作为唯一标准,还应该考虑代表过程及代表结果。非选举型政治代表具有一定的政治价值,它可以唤醒被代表者的参与意识,促进那些被正式代表忽略的群体利益,进而可以有效地增强政治过程的包容性,提升公共政策的回应性,重塑传统式的授权-问责的政治代表关系,弥补选举型民主政治代表的不足。因此,面对政治代表观的实践发展,亟需构建一套超越选举中心论的政治代表制理论。

The rise of non-elected political representative in the 1970s was seen as the non-democratic because of its lack of a formal electoral procedure.However,this view was strongly refuted by its opposite,emphasizing that the productive procedure of a political representative should not be only taken as the sole criterion of whether a political representative is democratic or not,but the process and result of a political representative should be also taken into consideration.A non-elected political representative has a certain political value,who can awaken sense of participation of the represented,promote the group interest of those ignored by official representatives,thus effectively enhance the inclusiveness of political process,improve the responsiveness of public policy,restore the traditional authorization-accountability relationship of political representatives,and make up for the inadequacies of elected democratic political representatives.Therefore,in the face of the practical development of the view of political representative,it is urgent to construct a set of the theory of political representative system beyond the centrism of election.