手术刀与十字架:晚清来华医务传教士身份解析--以伦敦会医务传教士韩雅各为例

Scalpels and Crosses:Identity Analysis of Medical Missionaries in China in Late-Qing Dynasty:A Case Study of James Henderson,L.M.S.

医务传教是晚清来华传教士们进行传教的重要手段之一,这使得来华的医务传教士都具有双重使命:救治病人与传播福音,一手拿着十字架,一手拿着手术刀。随着医务工作的日渐繁忙,对这两者之间如何进行抉择成为很多医务传教士面临的难题。以韩雅各为例,通过分析韩雅各的成长经历、加入教会的始末及其来华后行医和传教的情况,对这一问题进行了探讨。认为,手术刀与十字架在这一时期实际上很难分离。行医固然是为了传教,然而传教也给行医提供了理由和支持。两种身份实际上是合二为一的。

Medical mission is an important way for missionaries to preach their religion in Late-Qing Dynasty.Medical missionaries all have double missions:preach their religion with crosses and cure Chinese patients with scalpels.However,missionaries began to face a dilemma with increasing medical work.This paper studies James Henderson's growth experience,the whole story of him becoming a medical missionary,then practicing medicine and doing missionary work.There are good reasons to believe it is hard to separate double identities.Their medicine practice and missionary work integrate with each other.