非结核分枝杆菌的毒力因子及免疫机制研究进展

Advances in the study of the immune mechanism of non-tuberculous mycobacteria

非结核分枝杆菌(Nontuberculous mycobacteria,NTM)的病例有逐年呈上升的趋势,尤其是合并HIV感染的发病率。由于NTM菌种多样,毒力因子多样,且不同菌种毒力与耐药性不同,分为致病性和非致病性两类。致病性分枝杆菌只要寄生于巨噬细胞内,因此目前研究宿主对NTM的免疫反应以及NTM如何能够在宿主巨噬细胞防御机制中生存对未来寻找有效治疗NTM的新型疗法至关重要。本文将对NTM毒力因子及免疫机制做一综述。

Cases of non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)tend to increase year by year,and an NTM infection often develops in conjunction with an HIV infection.Due to the diversity of NTM strains and virulence factors and the fact that different strains have different levels of virulence and drug resistance,mycobacteria can be divided into pathogenic and non-pathogenic types.Pathogenic mycobacteria parasitize macrophages,so the study of host-mycobacterium interactions and how NTM can survive in host defense mechanisms is of great importance to the search for new effective treatments for NTM in the future.This article reviews current concepts regarding the immune mechanism and virulence factors of NTM.