略论唐宋诗歌转型过程中的三种人性观及其影响

On the Influence of Three Views of Human Nature on Poetry in the Process of Poetry Transformation in Tang and Song Dynasties

唐宋诗之别在宋代就已被有意识地提出,其中主“情”和不主“情”是经常被后人提及的一种区别。事实上,中唐至北宋是唐宋诗歌转型的关键时期,同时也是儒家人性观发生转变的重要时期。诗歌本是“吟咏情性”的文体,人性观变迁自然会对诗歌产生影响。其中韩愈“性情相应”气本论人性观、李翱“性善情恶”性本论人性观和王安石“性情一体”性本论人性观都不同于唐前期的官方主流人性观,而这三种人性观影响下的诗歌也都对之前唐诗的主“情”传统进行了反拨。

The differences between Tang and Song poetry have been consciously put forward in the Song Dynasty.Among them,the emotinalism and non-emotionalism were often distinguished by later generations.In fact,the period from the middle Tang Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty is the critical period for the transformation of Tang and Song poetry,and also the important period for the transformation of Confucian human nature.Poetry is a lyric style,and the change of people’s dispositions will naturally affect poetry.Among them,HAN Yu’s view of“corresponding temperament”,Li Ao’s view of“good nature and bad feeling”and WANG Anshi’s view of“unity of temperament and temperament”were different from the official mainstream view of human dispositions in the early Tang Dynasty,and the poems under the influence of these three views of human dispositions have also reversed the main tradition of“emotion”in the previous Tang poetry.