西方主要喜剧性学说回溯与反思

A Retrospection and Reflection on the Main Western Comedy Theories

西方有关喜剧性的学说发轫于古希腊时期的对话技巧和修辞,很快便在戏剧创作实践基础上得以总结,随后又历经哲思层面的思辨和精神心理维度的探究,至现代已呈现出因研究者理论体系不同而多样化的个性解读阶段。但是,喜剧性表达用语较为混乱,传统的笑论常以表象、外化之选描绘喜剧性,以致对其内涵及意义的长期忽略或轻视。本文旨在通过对西方主要喜剧性学说的述评,力图回溯历史发展的同时,还原并反思喜剧性审美质态富有深意的人文内涵和隐喻说明。

The Western theory of comedy originated from the dialogue skills and rhetoric of the ancient Greece.It was soon summarized on the basis of the practice of drama creation,and then went through the philosophical level of speculation and the spiritual and psychological dimensions of exploration.To modern times,it has shown a diversified stage of personality interpretation due to the different theoretical systems of researchers.However,the expression of comedy is rather confusing.The traditional theory of laughter often describes comic by the choice of representation and externalization,so that its connotation and meaning are ignored or despised for a long time.The purpose of this paper is to review the major Western theories of comedy and try to restore and reflect on the profound humanistic connotation and metaphorical explanation of comedy while looking back on the historical development.