木质基新型能量存储与转换材料研究进展

Novel wood-based energy storage and conversion materials

木质资源是自然界中取之不尽、用之不竭的绿色资源,具有储量丰富、可再生、可生物降解和碳中性等特点。以木材为代表的各向异性木质资源可以直接作为基质材料来诱导微纳米功能单元的沉积和生长,进而发展各向异性的能量存储和转换材料。此外,以木质资源为原料,通过拆解和重组可以得到具有大比表面积和高反应活性的一维纳米纤丝、二维纳米薄膜和三维凝胶等材料。这些重组材料也可以作为基质与微纳米功能单元复合,从而发展绿色新型的木质基能量存储和转换材料。分析近年来木质资源在超级电容器、锂离子电池、催化析氢和太阳能电池等能量存储与转换材料领域中的国内外研究进展,并展望其未来发展方向,旨在为木质资源的功能化和高值化利用提供新的思路。

Wood is an inexhaustible resource with many advantages,such as high abundance,renewability,biodegradability,and carbon balance.Anisotropic wood can serve as a substrate to facilitate the deposition and growth of micro/nano functional units for the development of anisotropic energy storage and conversion materials.Moreover,wood can serve as a raw material for preparing novel products with large surface areas and high reaction activities,such as 1 D nanofibrils,2 D nanofilms,and 3 D gels,through disassembly and reassembly.These reassembled materials can also act as substrates that can be combined with micro/nano functional units for the development of green novel energy storage and conversion materials.In this paper,the recent research on wood-based energy storage and conversion materials,including supercapacitors,lithium-ion batteries,water splitting,and solar cells,is summarized,and the direction of future development is proposed by providing new ideas for the applications of this high-value resource.