朱红毛斑蛾对榕树挥发物的触角电位及行为反应

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Phauda flammans to plant volatiles isolated from two Ficus species

朱红毛斑蛾是一种寡食性害虫,仅以小叶榕和垂叶榕叶片为食。研究小叶榕和垂叶榕吸引该虫的植物挥发物活性成分,可为筛选朱红毛斑蛾植物源引诱剂提供基础资料。结果表明,从小叶榕和垂叶榕健康叶中共分离出53种挥发物成分,共有31种能引起朱红毛斑蛾雌雄虫的触角电位反应,分别为甲苯、辛烷、乙苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯、蒎烯、β-月桂烯、对伞花烃、D-柠檬烯、(E)-β-罗勒烯、β-罗勒烯、苯乙酮、壬醛、芳樟醇、金合欢醇、别罗勒烯、4-乙基-苯甲醛、萘、水杨酸甲酯、4-异丙基苯甲醇、 3-乙基苯乙酮、 4-乙基苯乙酮、(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯、(-)α-蒎烯、β-荜澄茄油烯、β-石竹烯、α-石竹烯、α-金合欢烯、石竹素、正十八烷和正二十烷。其中,小叶榕和垂叶榕相同的植物挥发物活性成分为9种,分别为甲苯、β-月桂烯、D-柠檬烯、β-罗勒烯、4-异丙基苯甲醇、3-乙基苯乙酮、4-乙基苯乙酮、(-)-α-蒎烯和β-石竹烯。两种榕树特有的5种挥发物中,仅D-柠檬烯、β-罗勒烯和β-石竹烯对朱红毛斑蛾雌雄虫有显著的吸引作用,是吸引朱红毛斑蛾雌雄虫寄主定位的主要植物挥发物活性成分。朱红毛斑蛾植物源引诱剂的研发可以D-柠檬烯、β-罗勒烯和β-石竹烯为核心成分。

Phauda flammans(Walker)(Lepidoptera:Phaudidae)is an oligophagous moth,whose larvae feed exclusively on Ficus concinna Miq.and F.benjamina L.Identification of active components of plant volatiles,that attract Phauda flammans adults,from these Ficus species can provide the basis for screening plant attractants for this moth species.A total of 53 compounds were isolated from F.concinna and F.benjamina.Male and female Phauda flammans exhibited electrophysiological responses to 31 of these compounds,including toluene,N-octane,ethylbenzene,p-xylene,o-xylene,(1 R)-(+)-α-pinene,β-myrcene,p-cymene,D-limonene,(E)-β-ocimene,β-ocimene,acetophenone,nonanal,linalool,farnesol,neo-alloocimene,stab.,4-ethylbenzaldehyde,naphthalene,methyl salicylate,4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol,3-ethylacetophenone,4-ethylacetophenone,(-)-α-cubebene,(-)-α-copaene,β-cubebene,β-caryophyllene,α-caryophyllene,α-farnesene,caryophyllene oxide,octadecane,and N-eicosane.Of these 31 compounds,nine compounds were common to both F.concinna and F.benjamina,i.e.,toluene,β-myrcene,D-limonene,β-ocimene,4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol,3-ethylacetophenone,4-ethylacetophenone,(-)-α-cubebene,andβ-caryophyllene.Of the five particular blade volatiles isolated from the aforementioned Ficus species,male and female Phauda flammans exhibited significant behavioral responses to D-limonene,β-ocimene,andβ-caryophyllene,suggesting that these three compounds are the main volatiles attracting the Phauda flammans moths,and can be used as core compounds for the development of plant attractants.