美国生物技术领域政策研究

Research on the Policies of Biotechnology in the US

美国的生物技术起步较早,目前已拥有全球最强大的科学研发能力、最丰富的技术成果储备,并催生了最先进且最完整的工业产业链,已成为美国高技术产业发展的核心动力之一。本文通过分析美国生物技术领域的前沿发展态势,研究美国生物技术领域的战略规划、监管措施、重点支持项目、经费投入等政策,得出美国在人力资源保障、专利保护、制定科学发展战略、构建合理资本市场、实施有力产业推动措施等方面对生物技术领域进行全面布局的有关结论,总结美国生物技术发展呈现出的四个特点,据此对我国生物技术发展提出相关建议。

Biotechnology in the United States started early.Now,it has the world’s strongest scientific research capability and the richest technological achievements reserve,which has given birth to the most advanced and complete industrial chainand became one of the core driving forces for the development of high-tech industry in the United States.This paper analyzed the frontier development trend andstudied the strategic planning,regulatory measures,key support projects,funding and other policiesof biotechnology in the United States.It is concluded that the United States has carried out a comprehensive layout in the field of biotechnology in terms of human resources protection,patent protection,formulation of scientific development strategies,construction of a reasonable capital marketand implementation of strong industrial promotion measures.Atlast,this paper summarized the four characteristics of biotechnological development in the United States and put forward relevant suggestions for biotechnological development in China.