新冠肺炎疫情下大学生焦虑情绪影响因素的实证研究——以北京联合大学为例

An Empirical Study of the Influencing Factors of College Students’ Anxiety Under the Background of COVID-19 Pandemic--Taking Beijing Union University as an Example

新冠肺炎疫情下,大学生普遍存在不同程度的焦虑情绪,研究其影响因素并针对性缓解焦虑情绪有利于学生身心健康和协调发展。基于心理学经典焦虑理论,研究以环境、刺激、认知、自我及焦虑为潜变量,构建特殊公共卫生事件背景下学生焦虑情绪的影响因素理论模型。采用随机抽样开展问卷调研,运用SPSS 25.0对数据进行因子分析和信效度检验,运用AMOS 24.0构建结构方程模型进行假设检验。结果表明,环境和认知因素通过自我中介效应、刺激因素直接正向影响焦虑情绪的产生。据此,建议以升华策略应对环境限制,以辩证方法看待刺激来源,以客观态度面对认知模糊,以合理信念提升自我效能,从而有效缓解学生焦虑情绪。

Under the background of COVID-19 pandemic, college students generally have different degrees of anxiety. Studying its influencing factors and alleviating anxiety are beneficial to students’ physical and mental health and coordinated development. Based on the classic anxiety theory of psychology, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of students’ anxiety under the background of special public health events with circumstance, stimulation, cognition, self and anxiety as potential variables. After the questionnaire survey, SPSS 25.0 was used for factor analysis and reliability and validity test, and AMOS 24.0 was used to construct Structural Equation Model for hypothesis test. The results show that circumstance and cognitive factors affect the generation of anxiety through self-mediating effect, while stimulating factors directly. Therefore, it is suggested that sublimation strategy should be used to deal with environmental constraints, the stimulus sources should be viewed dialectically, cognitive ambiguity should be faced with objectively, self-efficacy should be improved with reasonable beliefs, and finally, anxiety of students should be relieved effectively.