新冠肺炎疫情下儿童青少年焦虑症状检出率及影响因素

Prevalence rate and related influencing factors of anxiety disorder in children and adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19

目的探讨新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间居家儿童青少年焦虑症状检出率及危险因素,为给予其心理支持提供参考。方法2020年2月13日-14日,采用电子问卷调查方式,由安徽省7~16岁的中小学生在线填写一般资料和儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)。SCARED评分≥23分为焦虑组,SCARED评分<23分为非焦虑组。采用单因素分析、二元Logistic回归分析儿童青少年焦虑症状的危险因素。结果共回收有效问卷5392份,其中焦虑组1045人(19.4%),非焦虑组4347人(80.6%);单因素分析显示,焦虑检出率在性别、年龄、所在年级、身体健康状况、第一次了解此次疫情的途径、负面信息占比、不实信息占比上差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示,女生(OR=1.423,P<0.01)、大龄儿童(OR=1.411,P<0.01)、目前的身体状况不佳(OR=1.620,P<0.01)、高负面信息占比(OR=1.240,P<0.01)、高不实信息占比(OR=1.265,P<0.01)是儿童青少年存在焦虑症状的独立危险因素。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间居家隔离儿童青少年焦虑检出率未见明显增高,其中女性、大龄儿童、目前身体状况不佳、不良疫情信息是焦虑症状的危险因素。

Objective To explore the prevalence rate and risk factors of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19,and to provide references for psychological support.Methods From February 13th to 14th,2020,primary and middle school students aged 7 to 16 years old in Anhui province were assessed by electronic questionnaire and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED).Children with SCARED score≥23 were divided into anxiety group,and those with score<23 were divided into the non-anxiety group.Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression were applied to analyze risk factors of anxiety symptoms of children and adolescents.Results A total 5392 validated questionnaires were collected,and the results suggested 1045(19.4%)cases in anxiety group and 4347(80.6%)cases in non-anxiety group.Univariate analysis showed that the detection rate of anxiety symptoms had significant differences among children and adolescents with different gender,age,grade,health status,ways of first access to the COVID-19 related information,proportions of negative information and proportions of false information(P<0.01).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.423,P<0.01),elder children(OR=1.411,P<0.01),current poor physical condition(OR=1.620,P<0.01),proportion of overexposure to negative information(OR=1.240,P<0.01)and proportion of overexposure to false information(OR=1.265,P<0.01)were independent risk factors of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents.Conclusion No significant increase is observed in the detection rate of anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents during home quarantine against the COVID-19,while female,elder children,current poor physical condition and adverse epidemic information are the risk factors of anxiety symptom among children and adolescents.