安徽省一线抗结核药物使用及不良反应研究

Use of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and the occurrence of adverse reactions in Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省一线抗结核药物使用及不良反应发生情况,为完善肺结核患者治疗管理工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取铜陵、池州、安庆3个市所辖6个县(区)的非耐药活动性肺结核患者进行调查,内容包括一般情况、对结核病知识认知情况、治疗情况(含不良反应发生情况)、是否出现间断或中断治疗。结果275例非耐药活动性肺结核患者具有男性多于女性、年龄偏大、学历较低、大部分是农业劳动者几个特点,且大部分患者不了解结核病如果不治疗或不规范治疗会产生的后果。其中72.0%的患者使用政府提供的免费抗结核FDC药品治疗,所有患者抗结核药物不良反应发生率为36.7%,文化程度低、合并其他呼吸系统疾病、中断治疗是抗结核药物不良反应发生的危险因素。结论结核病诊疗需按照国家要求积极推行抗结核FDC药品的使用,有效处理药物不良反应,从而提高患者依从性,减少疾病传播,降低结核病疫情。

Objective To know about the use of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and the occurrence of adverse reactions in Anhui Province,and to provide reference for improving the management of tuberculosis patients.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select non-drug-resistant active tuberculosis patients in 6 counties(districts)in cities of Tongling,Chizhou and Anqing for a survey.The contents of the survey included general information,knowledge of tuberculosis,treatment(including adverse reactions),and whether there were intermittent or interrupted treatments.Results A total of 275 patients with non-resistant active tuberculosis were included.The patients were more men than women,with the characteristics of older age,lower educational background,and most of them were farmers.Besides,most patients did not know the consequences of tuberculosis if they were not treated or had non-standard treatment.72.0%of the patients were treated with free anti-tuberculosis FDC drugs provided by the government.The incidence of adverse reactions in all patients treated with anti-TB drugs was 36.7%.The risk factors for adverse drug reactions were low educational level,combination of other respiratory diseases and discontinuation of treatment.Conclusions Tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment need to actively implement the use of anti-tuberculosis FDC drugs according to national requirements.It is necessary to Effectively manage adverse reactions caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs to improve patient compliance,reduce disease transmission,and control the epidemic of TB.