劳动美学与主体生成——马克思劳动美学的生命现象学

Labor Aesthetics and Subject Generation—Life Phenomenology of Marxist Labor Aesthetics

马克思“劳动创造美”的劳动美学命题,在何种意义超越了传统美学的心理主义与认知主义?又在何种意义上建构了审美的普遍原则?是理解马克思劳动美学的核心问题。本文以生命现象学的理论视阈探讨了马克思如何升华形下劳动的美学意蕴,如何在资本逻辑的批判中回应心理主义与认知主义美学的疑难,如何阐释创造美的劳动建构主体的感性逻辑等问题。笔者认为,当劳动以实践的否定肯定性统合事实与价值、形式与内容、主体与客体的时候,与其说马克思“人也按照美的规律来塑造”的命题是揭示人实践特质的判断,不如说是对劳动美学与主体生成的生命现象学揭示。

In what sense does Marx s labor aesthetic proposition of“labor creates beauty”surpass the psychology and cognitivism of traditional aesthetics?In what sense have universal principles of aesthetics been constructed?It is the core issue of understanding Marx s labor aesthetics.This article discusses how Marx sublimates the aesthetic meaning of labor in the form of life phenomenology,how to respond to the doubts of psychological and cognitive aesthetics in the critique of capital logic,and how to interpret the perceptual logic of the constructive subject of labor that creates beauty problem.The author believes that when labor integrates fact and value,form and content,subject and object with the negation and affirmation of practice,it is better to say that Marx s proposition that“people are also shaped in accordance with the law of beauty”is to reveal the characteristics of human practice rather than revealing the life phenomenology of labor aesthetics and subject generation.