分娩前补充维生素对荷斯坦牛初乳和血浆中维生素浓度的影响

Effects of supplementation of vitamins before parturition on vitamins concentration in colostrum and plasma of Holstein cattle

新生犊牛依靠胎盘和结肠B族维生素的转运来满足其需求,本研究旨在评估生物素、叶酸和维生素B12在牛初乳和犊牛血浆中的浓度。试验采用2×2因子设计,即选择34头妊娠奶牛,分配到2个水平的生物素组(0和20 mg/d)和2个水平的叶酸和维生素B12组(0或2.6 g/d叶酸,10 mg/w维生素B12)。结果:补充生物素、叶酸和维生素B12可以提高母牛血浆和初乳中维生素浓度(P<0.05),分别从26.8、673和28.6 ng/mL提高至253.7、1094和57.9 ng/mL。奶牛补充生物素和B12较对照组显著提高了犊牛体重(P<0.05),犊牛血浆生物素浓度提高599%(P<0.05)。奶牛补充叶酸和B12有降低犊牛血浆生物素浓度的趋势(P=0.09),而叶酸浓度提高了2倍(P<0.05)。结果表明,在奶牛产犊前补充生物素、叶酸和维生素B12可增加新生犊牛的维生素供应,而新生犊牛在功能性瘤胃发育前需要额外补充B族维生素。

Newborn calves rely on transshipment of B vitamins from the placenta and colon to meet their needs.The purpose of this study was to assess the concentrations of biotin,folate,and vitamin B12 in colostrum and calf plasma.2×2 factorial design was used with the selected 34 gestation of cow,assigned to the two levels of biotin group(0 and 20 mg/d),and two levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 group(0 or 2.6 g/d,folic acid,vitamin B12)10 mg/w.Results:supplementation with biotin,folic acid and vitamin B12 increased the concentration of vitamin in cow plasma and colostrum from 26.8,673 and 28.6 ng/mL to 253.7,1094 and 57.9 ng/mL,respectively(P<0.05).biotin and B12 supplementation significantly increased calf weight(P<0.05)and calf plasma B8 concentration increased by 599%(P<0.05).Cow supplementation with folic acid and B12 had a tendency to decrease the concentration of plasma biotin in calves(P=0.09),while the concentration of folic acid increased by a factor of 2(P<0.05).The results showed that supplementation with biotin,folic acid and vitamin B12 before calving increased the vitamin supply of newborn calves,which needed additional B vitamins before functional rumen development.