谷氨酰胺和精氨酸对低温下肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态和腹水死亡的影响

Effects of glutamine and arginine on growth performance,intestinal morphology and ascites death of broilers at low temperature

文章旨在探讨日粮中添加谷氨酰胺和精氨酸对低温条件下肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态和腹水死亡的影响。试验采用完全随机设计,将900只1日龄肉鸡随机分为9组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只,试验日粮采用3×3因子设计,即谷氨酰胺水平为0、0.5%和1%,精氨酸水平为正常日粮精氨酸水平的100%、130%和160%。在第7、14和21天时调整室内温度进行诱导腹水病。结果:0.5%谷氨酰胺组肉鸡采食量最高(P<0.05)。日粮中添加0.5%谷氨酰胺对各阶段肉鸡体增重具有显著影响(P<0.05),其中0.5%谷氨酰胺+160%精氨酸组肉鸡增重最高(P<0.05),0.5%谷氨酰胺+130%精氨酸组腹水死亡率最低(P<0.05)。0.5%谷氨酰胺+130%精氨酸组绒毛高度最高(P<0.05)。0.5%谷氨酰胺+130%精氨酸组十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度最高(P<0.05),0.5%谷氨酰胺+130%精氨酸和1.0%谷氨酰胺+160%精氨酸组肉鸡十二指肠杯状细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:日粮单独添加0.5%谷氨酰胺或结合130%推荐水平的精氨酸可以增加肉鸡肠绒毛长度、改善生长性能、降低腹水死亡率。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with glutamine and arginine on growth performance,intestinal morphology and ascites death in broilers at low temperature.In this study,9001-d chickens were randomly divided into 9 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 20 replicates in each group.The experimental diet was designed with a 3×3 factor,that is,the glutamine level was 0,0.5%and 1%,and the arginine level was 100%,130%and 160%of the normal arginine level.Ascites were induced by adjusting the indoor temperature at 7,14 and 21 d.Results:feed intake of 0.5%glutamine group was the highest(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation of 0.5%glutamine had a significant effect on body weight gain in broilers at all stages(P<0.05),among which weight gain in broilers was highest in the 0.5%glutamine+160%arginine group(P<0.05),and ascites mortality was lowest in the 0.5%glutamine+130%arginine group(P<0.05).The height of villi was highest in 0.5%glutamine+130%arginine group(P<0.05).The depth of duodenum and jejunum crypt was the highest in 0.5%glutamine+130%arginine group(P<0.05),and the number of goblet cells in duodenum of broilers in 0.5%glutamine+130%arginine group and 1.0%glutamine+160%arginine group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:dietary supplementation with 0.5%glutamine alone or combined with the recommended level of 130%arginine can increase the length of intestinal villi,improve growth performance and reduce ascites mortality in broilers.