近10年宁夏人体舒适度变化及其对气象因子的响应

Variations of Human Comfort and Its Response to Meteorological Factors in Ningxia in the Past 10 Years

为了给宁夏全域旅游发展和环境气象服务提供参考,应用宁夏全区24个气象观测站2008-2018年气温、相对湿度、风速等日值资料,分析了宁夏人体舒适度指数的变化特征及其对气象因子的响应。结果表明,宁夏人体舒适度等级主要为寒冷、冷、凉、凉爽、舒服和稍热;舒适等级(50<人体舒适度指数≤75)日数居多,冷、凉特征也比较明显;舒适日数和舒适度指数的年变化特征一致,均为单峰型,峰值出现在7月;冷,不舒适等级(人体舒适度指数≤50)主要出现在12月及次年1-2月,大部分地区的舒适等级出现在4-9月;近10年来,宁夏舒适日数在波动中上升,冷,不舒适日数在逐年减少;舒适度指数对气温的响应最敏感,对相对湿度和风速的响应不明显。

In order to provide reference for Ningxia’s tourism development and environmental meteorological services,based on the daily data of average temperature,relative humidity and wind speed in Ningxia during 2008 to 2018,the distribution and variation characteristics of human comfort index are analyzed in Ningxia.The results show that the comfort level of human body in Ningxia could be divided into chill,cold,cool,pleasantly cool,comfortable,and slightly hot.Most days are in comfort level(50<human comfort index≤75).The characteristics of cold and cool are also obvious.The annual variation characteristics of comfort days and comfort index are unanimous and reach the peak in July.The cold discomfort level(human comfort index≤50)is mainly distributed in December and from January to February of the next year.In most regions,the comfort level appears from April to September.The number of comfortable days increase in fluctuation and uncomfortable days decrease in the past 10 years.The comfort index is the most sensitive to the temperature,but less sensitive to relative humidity and wind speed.