基于中医药理论的芳香类中药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的作用探讨

Discussion on role of aromatic Chinese herbs in prevention and treatment of COVID-19 based on theory of traditional Chinese medicine

芳香类中药自古被用于瘟疫的预防,中医药防治疫病有独特的优势。2019年新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)肆虐,国家卫生健康委员会发布指南推荐中西医结合治疗。在国家卫生健康委员会《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》的中医治疗方案中,医学观察期、确诊患者的临床治疗期及恢复期均选用含较多芳香类中药的中成药或方剂进行防治,部分地方卫生健康委员会或中医药管理局还推荐多种其他使用芳香类中药的方式(外熏、艾灸、佩戴香囊等)防治COVID-19。芳香类中药"芳香辟秽、扶助正气"的功效在COVID-19的预防和治疗中发挥积极作用,使用芳香类中药干预COVID-19的发生发展已成为共识。芳香类中药独特的药性、化学成分和作用机制值得开展广泛深入的实验及临床研究,可为后续COVID-19治疗及相应的药物开发提供参考。基于中医药理论探讨芳香类中药在防治COVID-19中的作用,并推测其发挥作用的可能机制,为芳香类中药防治COVID-19提供依据。

Aromatic Chinese herbs has been used to prevent plague since ancient times, and traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of epidemic disease. Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) is rampant, and the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China issued guidelines which recommends integrated treatment plans of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. According to the traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan in the National COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan(Trial Seventh Edition) of the National Health Commission, Chinese patent medicines or prescriptions containing more aromatic Chinese herbs are selected for prevention and treatment during the period of medical observation, clinical treatment and recovery of confirmed patients. Some local health committees or traditional Chinese medicine administrations also recommend a variety of other ways to use aromatic traditional Chinese herbs(external fumigation, moxibustion, wearing sachet, etc.) to prevent and cure COVID-19. The efficacy of "fragrance repels filth and reinforces vital qi" of aromatic Chinese herbs plays a positive role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. It has become a consensus to use aromatic Chinese herbs to interfere with the occurrence and development of COVID-19. The unique properties, chemical composition and action mechanism of aromatic Chinese herbs are worthy of extensive and in-depth experimental and clinical research, which can provide reference for the follow-up treatment of novel coronavirus and the development of corresponding drugs. Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, this paper discusses the role of aromatic Chinese herbs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and speculates the possible mechanism of its function, in order to provide a basis for attaching importance to the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.