阿拉尔引种不同大豆品种对比试验及其营养成分分析

Comparison Test of Different Soybean Varieties Introduced to Alar and Analyses of Their Nutritional Components

在新疆阿拉尔引种了2个春大豆和9个夏大豆品种,通过对试验品种产量形成相关因子和营养品质进行比较分析,筛选适宜阿拉尔地区栽培种植的高产优质大豆品种。田间小区试验结果显示,供试11个大豆品种产量较高的品种为吉育481、吉育627和吉育384。营养成分分析结果表明,11个大豆品种总异黄酮的含量范围为73.72~222.58μg/g,其中大豆苷和染料木苷为主要异黄酮,异黄酮含量较高的品种有吉育481、吉育627和吉育584。脂肪酸在11个受试大豆品种中的总含量范围为17.2%~22.80%,其中主要脂肪酸为亚油酸和棕榈酸,脂肪酸含量较高的品种有吉育384、吉育626和吉育202,亚油酸含量较高的品种为吉育483和吉育584。17种氨基酸在11个受试大豆品种中的总含量范围为11.99%~29.70%,其中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸为主要氨基酸,氨基酸含量较高的品种有吉育47、吉育285和吉育202。粗蛋白总含量在11个受试大豆品种中的范围为37.62%~42.03%,粗蛋白含量较高的品种有吉育635、吉育384和吉育47。综合产量与品质因素,阿拉尔适栽品种为吉育481和吉育627。

Two spring soybean varieties and nine summer soybean varieties were introduced into Alar,Xinjiang.By comparing analyses of yield forming factors and nutritional quality of the experimental varieties,the high-yield and high-quality soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in Alar were selected.The results of field plot experiment showed that the yield of Jiyu 481,Jiyu 627 and Jiyu 384 was higher among 11 soybean varieties.In terms of nutritional components,the range of total isoflavones content of 11 soybean varieties was 73.72-222.58μg/g,among which daidzein and genistein were the main isoflavones,and the varieties with higher content of isoflavones were Jiyu 481,Jiyu 627 and Jiyu 584.The total content of fatty acids in 11 tested soybean varieties ranged from 17.2%to 22.80%,of which the main fatty acids were linoleic acid and palmitic acid,respectively.The varieties with higher fatty acids were Jiyu 384,Jiyu 626 and Jiyu 202 as well as Jiyu 483 and Jiyu 584 with higher linoleic acids.The total content of 17 amino acids in 11 tested soybean varieties ranged from 11.99%to 29.70%,among which aspartic acid and glutamic acid were the main amino acids.The varieties with higher amino acid content were Jiyu 47,Jiyu 285 and Jiyu 202.The total content of crude protein ranged from 37.62%to 42.03%in 11 tested soybean varieties.The varieties with higher content of crude protein were Jiyu 635,Jiyu 384 and Jiyu 47.Taken into account of both the yield and qualitative factors,Jiyu 481 and Jiyu 627 were recommended for the suitable cultivars of soybean in Alar.