基于生态足迹的生态安全评价——以新疆阿拉尔市为例

Ecological Safety Assessment Based on Ecological Footprint:A Case Study of Alar in Xinjiang

本文运用生态足迹分析法,同时增加新的指标体系,对1989—2016年新疆阿拉尔市生态足迹和生态承载力进行研究分析,结果表明:1989—2016年阿拉尔市人均生态足迹28年间增长了3.8倍,由1989年的1.245 hm2逐年增至2016年的5.826 hm2;人均生态承载力从1989年的0.795 hm2增长到2016年的1.855 hm2,增长了1.3倍;人均生态赤字由1989年的0.451 hm2增至2016年的3.971 hm2,增长了7.8倍。同时生态压力指数也逐渐提高,生态环境处于极不安全状态;生态占用指数也不断增高;生态经济协调指数一直小于1。说明阿拉尔市的经济社会发展与生态环境存在冲突,生态环境的压力很大。

In this paper,the ecological footprint analysis method was used to analyze the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Alar in Xinjiang from 1989 to 2016,also added some new indicator system.The results showed that,the per capita ecological footprint of Alar increased by 3.8 times in past 28 years,from 1989 to 2016.That is from 1.245 hm2 in 1989 to 5.826 hm2 in 2016.The per capita ecological carrying capacity increased from 0.795 hm2 in 1989 to 1.88 hm2 in 2016,with an increase of 1.3 times.The ecological deficit increased 7.8 times,from 0.451 hm2 in 1989 to 3.971 hm2 in 2016.At the same time,the ecological pressure index was gradually increasing,which was in a very unsafe state.The ecological occupation index was also increasing and the ecological economic coordination index has been less than 1.The research indicated that there was a conflict between the economic development and the ecological environment in Alar.The pressure of the ecological environment was great.