青岛市城区空巢老人心理健康和社会支持状况研究

Study on Mental Health and Social Support Status of Elderly Empty Nesters in Urban of Qingdao

目的了解青岛市城区空巢老人心理健康及社会支持状况,为建立健全空巢老人社会支持系统提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,应用人口学资料调查问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)调查青岛市城区空巢老人221例、非空巢老人316例,对心理健康状况与社会支持进行相关性分析。结果空巢老人SCL-90得分高于对照组,SSRS得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);空巢老人社会支持与心理健康状况呈正相关,差异不显著。结论城区空巢老人心理健康状况较差,社会支持与老人的心理健康状况密切相关,建立健全空巢老人社会支持系统,提高空巢老人生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To understand the mental health and social support status of elderly empty nesters in urban areas of Qingdao,and to provide basis for the establishment and improvement of social support system for the empty nesters. METHODS Using the multi-stage random sampling method, 221 empty nesters and 316 non-empty nesters in Qingdao are investigated with demographic data questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS). The correlation between mental health and social support is analyzed. RESULTS The SCL-90 score of empty nesters is higher than the control group, and the SSRS score is lower than the control group, the difference has statistic significance(P<0.05). The social support of empty nesters is positively correlated with their mental health, but the difference is not significant. CONCLUSION The mental health of empty nesters in urban areas is poor. Social support is closely related to their mental health. Establishing and improving social support system for empty nesters can improve their quality of life.