我国成年居民包装食品消费率及营养成分表使用状况分析

Packaged Food Consumption Rate and The Use of Nutrition Labelling in Chinese Adults

目的:分析我国15省(自治区、直辖市)成年居民包装食品消费率及营养成分表使用状况。方法:选择2015年“中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究”中有完整人口学特征及包装食品消费调查资料的≥18岁居民作为研究对象,分析不同特征成年居民包装食品消费率及消费者购买食品时对营养成分表的使用状况。结果:2015年我国成年居民包装食品消费率为29.5%,18~45组达40.2%,随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P<0.0001);女性(31.7%)显著高于男性(26.9%,P<0.0001)。约50.2%的消费者购买食品时关注营养成分表,并存在年龄与性别差异(P均<0.05)。关注包装食品营养成分表的消费者对表中能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和钠的知晓率均约达98%,且对能量的知晓率随年龄增长而降低(P=0.0081)。知晓营养成分表中不同成分的消费者对脂肪的关注度最高(92.4%),钠的关注率最低(86.6%),未发现年龄和性别差异,而消费者购买食品时不关注营养成分表的前三位最重要原因分别是:不理解营养成分表的含义(29.7%)、没注意到包装上的营养成分表(26.8%)及平时很少购买包装食品(17.6%)。结论:我国15省(自治区、直辖市)成年居民包装食品消费率处于较低水平,仅约1/2的消费者关注营养成分表,钠的关注率最低。我国需加强对包装食品营养成分表的科普与宣传,引导居民合理消费。

【Objective】To analyze consumption rate of packaged food and the use of nutrition labelling in adults from 15 provinces of China.【Method】Present study selected those aged 18 years and above with completed data of demographic characteristics and packaged food consumption as subjects from China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study 2015.We analyzed consumption rate of packaged food and the use of nutrition labelling when purchasing in consumers across demographic factors.【Result】Consumption rate of packaged food was 29.5%in Chinese adults in 2015,and that was 40.2%in adults aged 18~45 years,which showed significantly decreased trend along with aging(P<0.0001).The rate was higher in females(31.7%)than males(26.9%,P<0.0001).Around 50.2%of consumers focused on nutrition labelling when they bought foods,which differed by age and gender(all P<0.05).The acknowledge rate of each item(energy,protein,fat,carbohydrate,and sodium)was around 98%in consumers who would read nutrition labelling when purchasing,and the acknowledge rate for energy declined with aging(P=0.0081).The percentage of consumers who focused on fat was 92.4%in consumers who knew the fat in nutrition labelling,which was the highest,while that for sodium was the lowest(86.6%).There were no differences in the percentages of consumer focusing on energy or 4 major nutrients by age and gender.Moreover,the top three most important reason in consumers who did not focus on nutrition labelling were“do not understand contents of nutrition labelling”(29.7%),“do not find the nutrition labelling on the surface of package”(26.8%),and“seldom purchase packaged food in usual”(17.6%).【Conclusion】The consumption rate of packaged food is lower in adults from 15 provinces of China,but just half of consumers focus on nutrition labelling when purchasing and the attention to sodium is the lowest.We need to conduct activities of publicity and education on nutrition labelling to encourage reasonable dietary consumption in Chinese population.