“输出假说”及其对我国外语教学的启示

The Output Hypothesis and Its Implications for Foreign Language Teaching and Learning in China

斯韦恩提出的“输出假说”是“输入假说”的补充、延伸和提高。可理解输入不是成功语言习得的充要条件,输出必不可少。输出在语言知识的重构和内化过程中作用重大,它可以引起学习者对语言问题的注意,可以验证学习者对目标语的假设,可以促进学习者对目标语的反思。当前我国的外语教育存在很多问题,“输出假说”带给我们很多启发:教育主管部门要真正重视语言输出;教师要采取科学方法,敦促学生尽可能多输出;学生要珍惜并把握每一次输出的机会,重视互动和反馈,输入与输出并举,构建更加合理的中介语系统,不断提升自己的目标语水平。

The Output Hypothesis proposed by Merrill Swain,is the supplement,extension and improvement of the Input Hypothesis.The comprehensible input is not the necessary and sufficient condition for successful second language acquisition,in which the comprehensible output is indispensable.The output is significant in the reconstructing and internalizing of the language knowledge:it can trigger the notice of the language learner to the language problems,test the hypothesis the language learner made,and promote the language learner’s reflection on the target language.There exist lots of problems in our present foreign language teaching and learning,and the Output Hypothesis brings us a lot of great implications:the education authorities should attach great importance to the language output,and the teacher should apply to scientific teaching methods to push the student to output as much as possible,and the student should cherish every opportunity of output,put emphasis on the interaction and feedbacks,develop input and output simultaneously to build a better interlanguage and improve the level of the target language.