压电换能器的设计与温度特性研究

Research on design and temperature characteristics of piezoelectric transducer

针对目前超声振动加工中存在的压电陶瓷发热严重,影响换能器性能和寿命的问题,通过对压电换能器进行设计、分析与试验对比,在保证输出振幅能够满足加工要求的前提下,得出振动系统合适的输入电压范围,使超声振动系统能够稳定运行。首先对超声换能器进行谐响应分析和稳态热分析,分析结果显示,对压电陶瓷施加电压后,换能器输出端的振幅最大,压电陶瓷的温度最高。建立试验平台进行试验分析,试验结果表明,当输入电压达到140 V时,压电陶瓷的温度高于居里温度的一半,此时振幅趋于峰值30.0μm。当输入电压为70~130 V时,输出振幅足够大,压电陶瓷的发热情况良好,能够满足系统长时间工作的要求,为超声振动系统能够稳定工作提供了一种可行方法。

In view of the problem that the piezoelectric ceramics are heated seriously in the current ultrasonic vibration processing,affecting the performance and life of the transducer.Through the design,analysis and experimental comparison of the piezoelectric transducer,the proper input voltage range of the vibration system was obtained under the condition that the output amplitude meets the processing requirements,which makes the ultrasonic vibration system run stably.Firstly,the harmonic response analysis and steady-state thermal analysis were performed on the ultrasonic transducer.The analysis results show that the amplitude of the transducer output is the largest,and the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic is the highest,after the voltage being applied to the piezoelectric ceramic.A test platform was established for test analysis.The test results show that when the input voltage reaches 140 V,the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic is higher than half of the Curie point,and the amplitude tends to the peak at 30.0μm.When the input voltage range is 70~130 V,the output amplitude is large enough and the piezoelectric ceramic heats up well,which meets the conditions of long-term system operation.It provides a feasible method for the stable operation of the ultrasonic vibration system.