集成DEMATEL/ISM的钢厂复杂系统安全影响因素研究

Research on Factors Influencing Safety of Complex System of Steel Mill Based on DEMATEL/ISM

为研究钢厂安全复杂系统影响因素之间的关系,运用决策实验室法和解释结构模型法,分析导致钢厂事故发生的15个致因因素,确定各因素的影响度、被影响度、中心度和原因度,综合分析各因素影响关系,并构建复杂系统模型。实证结果表明:在导致钢厂事故发生的15个因素中,安全文化薄弱、职工知识水平低、职工工种安排不合理、生产设备设施落后、管理规范不健全、安全管理制度不完善和安全管理落实不到位为原因因素,对其他因素有较大影响;人为失误、人机信息交互受阻、设备能量交互受阻、机器故障、防护设施失效、防尘及救护设备不到位、劳动防护用品缺失、作业环境艰苦,容易被其他因素影响;安全文化薄弱、安全管理制度不完善、安全管理落实不到位、管理规范不健全和人为失误在系统中中心度相对较大,是钢厂安全管理工作的重点。

In order to study the relationship between the factors influencing of complex safety system in steel mills,using the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory and the interpretative structural modeling to calculate and analyze the 15 types of causal factors that cause steel mill accidents,determine the influence degrees,influenced degrees,center degrees,cause degrees of the factors affecting the management,comprehensive analysis of the influence of various factors to build a complex system model.The empirical results show that among the 15 types of causal factors of steelworks accidents,the weak safety culture,the low staff′s knowledge level,the unreasonable workers′work types,backward production equipment and facilities,imperfect management norms,incomplete safety systems and safety management are implemented as the cause factors which have a greater influence on other causal factors;human error,blocked human-machine information interaction,blocked equipment energy interaction,machine fault,protective equipment failure,dust and rescue equipment are not in place,lack of labor protection equipment,hard working environment,are easily affected by other factors.Weak safety culture,imperfect safety management system and inadequate safety management implementation are relatively central in the system,these are the focus of safety management in steel mills.