跨境数据流动全球治理的“双目标”变革:监管合作与数字贸易

The Dual Goals for Reform of Global Governance on Cross-border Data Flow:Regulatory Cooperation and Digital Trade

全球数字化程度的加深,使得跨境数据流动的规模均呈指数级增长,而不同国家数据规制制度的差异则在客观上要求跨境数据流动全球治理实现国际共识。现有治理机制多以"数据自由流动"或"国内数据保护"为单一目标,并试图在此目标下实现全球治理体系和治理机制的创新。然而,以《安全港协议》破裂为代表的一系列事件,表明跨境数据流动全球治理已进入不稳定的制度变革期。因而,聚焦单一目标的治理思路已不能推动各国在跨境数据流动全球治理领域实现国际共识。寻找能够兼顾国内、国际治理需求的"双目标"包容性政策,有助于走出跨境数据流动全球治理的当前困境,这又具体体现在监管合作与数字贸易两个方面。

With the development of global digitalization,the volume of cross-border data flows has increased exponentially,however different countries have different data regulations.Thus,the global governance of cross-border data flows should achieve international consensus.Most of the existing governance mechanisms take"free data flow"or"domestic data protection"as a single goal,and try to realize innovation of the global governance system and governance mechanism under this goal.However,a series of events represented by the breakdown of safe harbor indicate that the global governance of cross-border data flows is unstable.Therefore,the governance system focusing on a single goal is not effective to promote countries to achieve international consensus in this regard.This article aims to develop a"dual-goal"inclusive policy featuring regulatory cooperation and digital trade for cross-border data flows.It would include both domestic and international governance demands and is helpful to address the existing problems regarding global governance of cross-border data flows.