营养管理系统在慢性肾脏病患者延伸护理中的应用

Application of a nutrition management system in extended care of patients with chronic kidney disease

目的探讨营养管理系统在慢性肾脏病3~4期患者延伸护理中的应用效果。方法选取2019年4月—8月在湖南省某医院住院的慢性肾脏病3~4期患者,采用抽签法选取肾内一科的患者为试验组(42例),肾内二科的患者为对照组(42例)。两组脱落病例各2例,最终试验组和对照组各为40例。对照组采用常规健康教育;试验组在此基础上应用营养管理系统进行饮食管理。随访3个月后,比较两组的主观综合营养评估、每日蛋白质及能量摄入量和营养相关的生化指标。结果干预后,试验组营养不良发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组每日蛋白质摄入量少于对照组,每日能量摄入量多于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的血清白蛋白和前白蛋白水平优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论营养管理系统在慢性肾脏病3~4期患者延伸护理中应用效果良好,为患者一体化管理提供支持,实现科学、精准的营养管理,有助于改善患者的营养状况。

Objective To investigate the effects of a nutrition management system in extended care of patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 84 patients in the nephrology department of a tertiary hospital in Hunan province were selected.The patients in the first department of kidney were selected as the experimental group(42 cases)and patients in the second department of kidney were selected as the control group(42 cases)by lottery.Two cases were lost to follow-up in each group.The control group received routine health education while the experimental group received nutrition counseling and management.After 3 months’follow-up,the changes of Subjective Global Assessment(SGA),daily protein intake(DPI)and daily energy intake(DEI)and nutrition-related index in the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the incidence of malnutrition in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The DPI of the experimental group was less than that of the control group,and the DEI was more than that of the control group(P<0.05).The serum albumin and pre-albumin levels of the experimental group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The nutrition management system has a good effect in the extended care on patients with chronic kidney disease.It can provide reference for the integrated management of patients,scientific and accurate nutrition management,and improve the nutritional status of patients.