西部主体功能区福利效应及均等化转移支付政策研究--以广西钦州三区(县)为例

Study on the Welfare Effects of Major Function Oriented Zoning of the West and the Equalization Fiscal Transfer Payment Policy——Taking the Three Districts(Counties)of Qinzhou in Guangxi as An Example

文章根据广西主体功能区区划,以广西钦州三区县为例,通过测算三区县的不平等指数及社会福利指数,描绘主体功能区政策实施前后近十年三区县间福利水平的变化情况,进而实证分析财政转移支付政策对福利效应的调节作用。研究发现,广西主体功能区政策推行后,不同区域间(县域)福利不均的状况并没有得到明显改善;而相关性表明通过减少地方政府税收,增加政府在公共医疗卫生、义务教育、社会保障上的支出,在不同程度上能够缓解功能区之间福利水平不均衡发展的状况,其中公共医疗卫生支出作用效果最为明显。基于此,政府需加大主体功能区转移支付力度,完善税收体制,增加一般性转移支出,以实现区域福利均等化目标。

According to the division of main functional areas in Guangxi,taking three districts and counties in Qinzhou as an example,this paper describes the changes of the welfare level of three districts and counties in the past decade before and after the implementation of the main functional area policy by measuring the inequality index and social welfare index of three districts and counties,and then empirically analyzes the regulatory effect of the fiscal transfer payment policy on the welfare effect.It is found that after the implementation of Guangxi's main functional areas policy,the situation of welfare inequality among different regions(counties)has not been significantly improved;and the correlation shows that by reducing local government taxes and increasing government expenditure on public health,compulsory education and social security,the unbalanced development of welfare level among functional areas can be alleviated to varying degrees The effect of public health expenditure is the most obvious.Based on this,this paper puts forward that the government should increase the intensity of development priority zones transfer payment,improve the tax system,and increase general transfer payments to achieve the goal of regional welfare equalization.