2013—2018年无锡市献血不良反应监测情况分析

Demographic profile of blood donors who presented adverse reactions to the donation in Wuxi,from 2013 to 2018

目的对2013—2018年无锡市无偿献血人群发生献血不良反应特征进行系统分析,为开展其相关预防与控制工作提供数据。方法我们对2013—2018年中5326名献血不良反应者进行分类,按年龄、性别、献血频率、捐献品种以及捐献月份对易发人群和诱发因素进行分析。结果本市区内的264559人次献血中发生献血不良反应5326人次,发生率2.01%,其中捐献全血发生不良反应率为2.17%,捐献血小板发生不良反应率为0.47%,两者之间有统计学差异(χ^2=316.67,P<0.01);男性无偿献血人次高于女性,但不良反应率无差异,约2%。在本市区的245248人数中多为初次献血者,约142178人,占57.95%,其中又以18—25的低龄青年为主,约65561人,占46.11%。其中初次献血不良反应率要明显高于再次献血者(2.38%vs 0.59%,χ^2=83.72,P<0.01),进一步按年龄分组分析,无论是否为初次献血,18—25岁献血者不良反应率最高,后随年龄增大不良反应率急剧降低;另外,在每年5、6、10、11月份献血不良反应率要明显高于相应年份中其它月份。结论献血不良反应发生是多因素,在今后工作中要格外关注初次、年轻献血者,降低献血不良反应的发生,保障血液质量和献血者安全。

Objective To identify the adverse reactions presented by blood donors from 2013 to 2018 in Wuxi,China,and outline the sociodemographic profile,aiming at developing approaches to prevent and minimize the adverse reactions.Methods 5326 blood donors were studied for adverse reactions.The age,gender,frequency,component of donation,and time of donation of donor adverse reactions during and after blood donation were estimated.Results 5326(2.01%)of adverse reactions had been developed during or after blood donation in the 264559 times of donation.Donors who gave whole blood had a significant greater incidence of reactions compared with those gave platelet donation by apheresis(2.17 versus 0.47%)(P<0.01).There was no significant difference between men and women.First-time donors(57.95%,142178/245248)and those aged between 18 and 25 years old(46.11%,65561/142178)were the majority.First-time donors(2.38%versus 0.59%),those 18 and 25 years(no matter first-time or repeat donors)and those donated in May,June,October,and November had a significant greater possibility to have a reaction(P<0.01).Conclusion Multiple factors were correlated with the occurrence of adverse reactions to the donation.More attention should be paid on first-time and young donors to minimize the incidence of adverse reaction and safeguard blood safety.