基于城市化的马克思空间正义思想探析

Research on Marx’s Space Justice Thought Based on Urbanization

马克思对资本主义城市化的揭示和城市空间非正义的批判蕴含着丰富的空间正义思想。空间正义不是脱离物质生产的空洞概念,而是对空间生产制度合法性的追寻。资本主义城市化是权力、资本、文化、社会关系和日常生活等与空间相互作用的产物,其实质是资本的城市化,并促成资本主义的城市空间生产、空间异化、空间分异和空间剥削的非正义;导致人的异化、生态环境污染、城市极化效应和空间资源破坏等情形进一步加剧。马克思的城市空间解放政治行动旨在实现主体"自由个性"和建立客体"自由王国"。马克思还从城市空间关系、空间生产方式、空间生活方式和空间地理环境等方面展望了未来城市空间正义的理想蓝图。马克思城市空间正义思想对推进我国城市化可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。

Marx’s revelation of capitalist urbanization and his criticism of urban spatial injustice contain rich thoughts of spatial justice.Space justice is not divorced from the empty concept of material production,but the pursuit of legitimacy of space production.Capitalist urbanization is the product of the interaction between political power,capital,cultural awareness,social relations,daily life and space.Its essence is the urbanization of capital,which leads to the injustice of capitalist urban space production,space alienation,space differentiation and space exploitation.The consequences are the further aggravation of human alienation,ecological environment pollution,urban polarization effect and the destruction and waste of space resources.Marx’s urban space liberation politics aims at realizing the subject’s"free personality"and establishing the object’s"free kingdom".Marx also looked forward to the ideal blueprint of urban spatial justice in the future from the aspects of urban spatial relationship,spatial production mode,spatial lifestyle and spatial geographic environment.