不同干燥方式对款冬花主要化学成分的影响

Effect of Different Drying Methods on the Chemical Composition of Farfarae Flos

目的分析不同干燥方式对款冬花主要化学成分的影响,为确定款冬花最佳干燥方式奠定依据。方法比较不同干燥方式下款冬花药材的水分、款冬酮含量,对指纹图谱中共有峰的峰面积进行主成分分析和相对含量比较。结果阴干样本水分含量高于烘干;不同干燥方式对款冬酮含量变化影响不大;主成分分析表明,阴干样本与烘干样本之间存在较大差异,阴干样本中各成分相对含量均为最高,烘干对款冬花中咖啡酰奎宁酸和黄酮类成分影响较大,对倍半萜类成分影响较小。55℃烘干对款冬花中主要成分的影响相对较小。结论阴干可最大程度的保留款冬花成分不受破坏,即款冬花传统的阴干方式是有一定科学依据的。然而,为了便于款冬花规模化产地加工,同时尽量降低烘干对款冬花成分的影响,建议选择55℃的烘干温度。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of different drying methods on the major compounds in Farfarae Flos(FF).METHODS The content of moisture and tussilagone were determined,and the common peaks in the HPLC fingerprint were calculated and subjected to the principal component analysis.RESULTS The results showed that the moisture content was the highest when the FF was dried in the shade,and the drying method showed little effect on the content of tussilagone.The results of the principal component analysis showed that the FF dried in the shade was different from those of FF being dried under heat.The relative content of major compounds were the highest for the FF dried in the shade.In addition,the caffeoyl quinic acids and flavonoids were greatly affected after heating,however the heat drying showed little effect on the sesquiterpenoids.Among the different drying temperature,55℃showed smallest effect on the main components in the FF.CONCLUSION The components in FF can be protected when drying in the shade,which reveals the scientific basis for the traditional experience of drying.However,in order to facilitate the drying process on a large scale,and minimizing the effect of drying on the compounds in the FF,drying temperature of 55℃is recommended.