“开元六典”的继受传播及对中华法系的影响

Succession and Dissemination of'Six Codes of Kaiyuan'and Its Influence on Chinese Legal System

开元六典是指唐玄宗开元二十五年(737年)前后修撰而成的律、令、格、式及《唐六典》《开元礼》等六部法律性质的典章。开元六典是唐朝之后中华大地上诸王朝的法制,特别是法典法建设、发展的基石。从规范渊源看,开元六典在五代、辽、宋、大理、西夏、金、元、明诸王朝和政权中都是重要渊源,很多时候被直接作为法律渊源适用,或者作为法典修撰、典章制度建设时的"损益"对象。8-14世纪,开元六典在中华大地各民族政权中的全面继受和适用,对"中华民族""中国"等近代主权民族国家概念的形成产生了积极作用;在日本、朝鲜、越南等国的移植和传播,为中华法系形成提供了核心载体。开元六典的继受和传播体现出法制文明在国家认同、法律移植、国家软实力形成上的作用。总结开元六典的继受和传播历史,对实现中华民族复兴及"一带一路"倡议等都具有重要借鉴意义。

The six codes of Kaiyuan refer to the six codes compiled by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty around the 25 th year of Kaiyuan(735). They are the cornerstone for the construction and development of the legal systems of all dynasties in China after the Tang Dynasty, especially the code law. From the perspective of norm origin, the six codes of Kaiyuan have become the important source in the Five Dynasties, Liao, Song, Dali, Western Xia, Jin, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties and regimes, they used to be directly applied as the source of law, or as the object of ’increase and decrease’ in the compilation of relevant codes and the construction of code system. From the 8 th to the 14 th Century, the comprehensive succession and application of the six codes of Kaiyuan in all ethnic regimes in China played a positive role in the formation of the concept of modern sovereign nation-state such as ’the Chinese nation’ and ’China’. Their transplantation and dissemination in countries such as Japan, North Korea, Vietnam provided core carriers for the formation of the Chinese legal system. The succession and dissemination of six codes of Kaiyuan reflect the role of human legal civilization in national identity, legal transplantation, and the formation of national soft power. Summarizing the history of succession and dissemination of six codes of Kaiyuan is of great significance for the realization of the revival of the Chinese nation and the Belt and Road Initiative.