生态滤床深度处理生活污水和微生物随气温响应

Advanced Treatment of Domestic Sewage with the Ecological Filter Bed and Response of Microbe to Temperature

通过构建室外生态滤床,探讨其深度处理生活污水特性及微生物种群对季节温度变化的响应。结果表明,COD、TP、NH^+4-N、TN、色度等指标的平均去除率分别达到61.2%、92.5%、88.7%、52.6%、46.5%。COD、TN、NO^-3-N的去除率随季节性气温变化,呈现出高度相关性,气温降低,有机物降解、有机氮的氨化及反硝化过程受到抑制。NH^+4-N、NO^-2-N去除率波动不明显,硝化过程未受到显著影响。TP的去除率稳定,未随季节性气温变化而变化,表层砂壤土的吸附是磷高效去除的主要途径。生态滤床上层基质微生物优势种群随季节性气温变化差异不大,而微生物优势种群丰度、均匀度、多样性指数随季节气温变化而变化,夏季高于冬季。

An ecological filter bed(EFB)was set up on lab scale to explore the deep treatment characteristics of domestic sewage and the response of microbial population to seasonal temperature change.Results showed that the average removal rates of COD,TP,NH^+4-N,TN,chroma reached at 61.2%,92.5%,88.7%,52.6%and 46.5%,respectively.And changes of COD,TN,NO-^3-N removal rates with seasonal temperature were observed,presenting a significant correlation mutually:the process of biomass degradation,TON ammonization,denitrification was restrained gradually with the decrease of temperature.Conversely,the fluctuation of NH^+4-N,NO^-2-N removal rates were not obvious,and the influence to nitrification was also insignificant.Moreover,TP removal rate remained stable and did not change with seasonal temperature changes,and the adsorption of surface sandy soils was the main way to efficiently remove phosphorus.The predominant populations of microbes in the upper substrate of the ecological filter bed varied little with seasonal temperature,while the abundance,evenness and diversity index of microbial communities changed with seasonal temperature change,they were higher in summer than those in winter.