留守、随迁与非留守儿童视力健康比较

Vision health among left-behind,non-left-behind and migrant primary school children:a comparative study

目的探究留守儿童、随迁儿童和非留守儿童在视力状况和戴镜状况方面的差异及其可能的影响因素,为制定关于不同类型儿童眼健康发展相关政策提供新的实证依据。方法利用2012和2013年在中国农村学校和城市打工子弟学校进行大规模随机抽样调查获取的339所学校21 661个4~5年级学生为研究对象,采用χ2检验以及多因素logistic回归分析农村留守儿童、随迁儿童和非留守儿童在视力状况和戴镜状况的差异及其影响因素。结果留守、随迁和非留守儿童的视力不良发生率分别为23.46%、27.24%和28.88%,留守、随迁儿童的视力不良发生率显著均低于非留守儿童,差异有统计学意义(P <0.001);留守、随迁和非留守儿童的戴镜率分别为7.46%、4.68%和8.71%,留守儿童的戴镜率与非留守儿童没有显著差异,但随迁儿童的戴镜率显著低于非留守儿童,差异有统计学意义(P <0.001)。结论三类儿童在视力状况和戴镜状况方面均存在一定的差异:留守和随迁儿童的视力状况均好于非留守儿童;随迁儿童的戴镜状况差于留守儿童和非留守儿童。

Objective To analyze disparities in statuses of vision health and glasses wearing and their impact factors among left-behind,non-left-behind,migrant children in some rural regions of China and to provide evidences for developing relevant policies to promote vision health of the children.Methods The participants of the study were 21661 fourth-and fifth-grade primary school students aged 10–12 years.The participants′data were collected via two sampling surveys:one conducted in 2012 at 252 rural primary schools in Shaanxi and Gansu province and the other in 2013 at 87 primary schools for migrant workers′children in Shanghai and Suzhou city.Chi-square test,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted in analyses on differences in vision and glasses wearing and their influencing factors among the three groups of the participants.Results The prevalence rate of poor vision was 23.46%,28.88%,and 27.24%in the left-behind,non-left-behind and migrant children;the poor vision prevalence of the non-left-behind was significantly higher than that in the left-behind and migrant children(both P<0.001).For the left-behind,non-left-behind,and migrant children with poor vision,the glasses wearing rate was 7.46%,8.71%,and 4.68%and the rate of migrant children was significantly lower than that of non-left-behind children(P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of poor vision and the rate of glasses wearing of the individuals with poor vision were different among left-behind,non-left-behind,migrant children in some rural regions of China;the vision health status was poorer among non-left-behind children than that among left-behind and migrant children and the glasses wearing rate was lower in the migrant children with poor vision than that in the left-behind and non-leftbehind children with poor vision.