内蒙古西部口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原体调查

Pathogen investigation of rodents in the western ground crossings of inner Mongolia

目的对内蒙古西部二连浩特口岸、策克口岸、鄂尔多斯口岸三个主要口岸地区开展流行病学调查,调查该地区鼠的种类、分布状况以及携带的主要病原体,为做好国门口岸地区疾病防控提供基础数据。方法确定调查地点并采用夹夜法进行捕鼠;对监测区内所获得鼠分类鉴定并解剖取各种脏器,针对鼠疫杆菌、巴贝西原虫、巴尔通体、斑点热群立克次体、无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体6种病原体进行特异性PCR检测;用MAGA 5.0分析软件,采用Bootstrap方法1 000次重复分析使可信性叠加,基于目的基因序列构建Neighbor-joining树图。结果本次调查在三个口岸捕获长爪沙鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、子午沙鼠、五趾跳鼠、三趾跳鼠、小家鼠、灰仓鼠、小毛足鼠8种共178只;有四种病原体包括巴尔通体、斑点热群立克次体、无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体检出阳性核酸片段,阳性率分别为43.26%、6.18%、17.98%和3.37%;核苷酸序列分析发现该地区存在Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae斑点热群立克次体和多种无形体。结论内蒙古西部口岸地区,鼠种丰富,鼠类携带病原体种类较多,在今后的防控工作中要加强防范。

Objective To investigate the rodent species, their distribution and pathogens carried by rodents in Erenhot, Ceke and Erdos ground crossings in western part of Inner Mongolia, and to provide basic information for disease prevention in ground crossings area. Methods The study areas were de-termined where the rodents were captured and sacrificed for the nucleic acids extraction and tests for Yersinia pestis, Babesi protozoa, Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis and Borrelia burgdorferi. The obtained sequences were analyzed by using MAGA 5.0 software. Bootstrap analysis was uesd to analyze the obtained nucleotide fragments of 1 000 repeats, and the neighbor joining tree was constructed based on the target gene sequence. Results Totally 8 rodents species were captured in the studied areas, including Long-clawed gerbil, Daur chinchilla, meridian gerbil, five-toed lemming, three-toed hamster, house mouse, gray hamster, hairy foot mouse. And a total of 4 nucleic acid positive materials has been detected, including Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis, and Borrelia burgdorferi. The positive rate was 43.26%, 6.18%, 17.98% and 3.37%;With further analyzing of Nucleotide sequence, there were Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae and several anaplasmosis in the district. Conclusions There were abundant species of rodents and many pathogens carried by rodents in the ground crossings of western area of Inner Mongolia. It should be focused on the prevention and control issues in future work.