民国高校导师制发展概况及经验借鉴

The development situation and experience of the tutorial system of universities in the republic of China

导师制是民国时期南京国民政府继承中国古代书院以德立人的优秀教育传统,借鉴西方现代大学先进管理经验确立的一项高等学校管理制度。以浙江大学为代表的早期民国高校导师制功效显著,自国民政府颁布有关导师制三文本统一推行以来,导师制陷于败落。现阶段我国部分高等学校重新实行的导师制有助于实现立德树人的培养目标,建立德才兼备的教师群体,形成亲密和谐的师生关系。当前高等学校可以史为鉴,通过坚持立德树人的价值取向,完善刚柔并济的制度体系,形成认可的思想共识和融洽的师生关系,来推动导师制的发展,充分发挥导师制的作用。

The tutorial system is a basic management system of university that established by inherited the Chinese ancient academy excellent educational tradition of moral composition,drew lessons of advanced management experience from western modern university in the period of the republic of China Nan Jing national government.Taking Zhejiang university as a representative,in early phase,the tutorial system is constant climax and has a remarkable effect.Since promulgating there laws about tutorial system,the unification of the national government,the tutorial system has been in decay.At present,the tutorial system is showing the potential of recovery in China s colleges and universities.It can help to realize the cultivation goal of moral composition,and help to establish the teachers group with virtue and ability,and help to form a close and harmonious relationship between teachers and students.Colleges and universities should learn from history,by adhering to the value orientation of the moral composition,improving the system of rigid and flexible,form the consensual consensus and promote the harmonious relationship between teachers and students,to carry the practice of the tutorial system forward.